3D Projection Mapping across India

Projection mapping starts with a survey, not a storyboard. We photogrammetry-scan or LiDAR-measure the surface — a façade, a stage set, a car, a cake — and build a 3D model that matches the real object within a few centimetres. The projectors are then positioned virtually against that model to check throw ratio, keystone, shadowing from balconies or trees, and whether any part of the surface falls outside the beam. Only once the projector positions are fixed does content production begin, because a mapped animation is authored against a specific camera position and cannot simply be moved later.

Brightness is the engineering constraint that decides the budget. Perceived image brightness depends on lumens, surface area, the reflectance of the material and the ambient light falling on it. Stone and painted plaster reflect perhaps 20 to 35 per cent of what hits them; dark stone far less. A heritage façade of 400 square metres with street lighting nearby can need 100,000 lumens or more in total, which is three or four stacked 30K-class laser projectors per angle. Laser phosphor sources are the standard now because they hold brightness and colour across a run, start instantly and tolerate the dust and heat of an outdoor build far better than lamps.

On site, the work is warping, blending and masking. Each projector's output is warped onto the surface geometry using a media server — disguise, Pixera or Watchout — with overlap regions of 10 to 20 per cent soft-edge blended so no seam is visible. Masks cut the beam off windows, balconies and anything that must stay dark. Alignment is done at night with the actual content and takes hours, not minutes, and it must be re-checked if a projector is bumped or a tower settles. We lock projector positions with ballasted towers and mark every position so a knocked unit can be returned to alignment rather than re-mapped.